As populations age and life expectancy increases, governments face a critical challenge: how to extend not just lifespan, but healthspan — the years people live in good physical, mental, and emotional health. Breakthroughs in genetics, molecular biology, and longevity science are redefining what may be biologically possible, raising profound implications for public health systems, workforce participation, and long-term economic resilience. Yet science alone will not determine outcomes. Psychological resilience, stress, mindset, and everyday behaviours play an equally decisive role in shaping population health and wellbeing. This session brings together frontier longevity science and human behavioural insight to explore what governments must enable to support healthier, more productive lives at scale. Drawing on cutting-edge research and human-centred perspectives, the discussion will examine how public policy can move beyond reactive healthcare toward preventive, holistic approaches to longevity — aligning biomedical innovation with mental wellbeing, social design, and systems that help people thrive longer. The conversation reframes longevity not as a personal optimisation challenge, but as a strategic societal opportunity that governments must actively shape